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A titan of vaccine development sees his field’s achievements slip away:  Stanley Plotkin, the ‘godfather of vaccines,’ knows what comes next

Vaccine pioneer warns of resurgence in vaccine-preventable diseases: Stanley Plotkin, a pioneering vaccine scientist often called the “godfather of vaccines,” reflects on his career developing the rubella and rotavirus vaccines and warns that declining vaccination rates could allow previously controlled childhood diseases to return. “In the absence of disease, people are less worried, and they ask themselves: Why should I vaccinate the child because there’s no disease around?” Plotkin said.

New injectable therapy helped paralyzed mice walk and it just passed a major test on human cells.   Researchers are using stem cells and nanotechnology to build a bridge for regrowing damaged spinal nerves.

Spinal cord organoids show promise for paralysis therapy: Research with mice previously showed that a single injection of a peptide gel helped animals regain walking after severe spinal cord injury, and new studies with human stem cell-derived spinal cord organoids found the same treatment reduced scar tissue and encouraged nerve fibers to grow after injury. The gel forms a soft scaffold that actively interacts with nerve cells to promote regrowth, targeting the scar barriers that normally prevent recovery after paralysis.

Decades-old anti-seizure drug shows promise in preventing Alzheimer’s before it begins:  Researchers identify how levetiracetam keeps neurons from producing harmful amyloid-beta, pointing to new ways to intervene before Alzheimer’s symptoms appear.

Decades-old drug may help prevent Alzheimer’s disease: A study published in Science Translational Medicine found that the decades-old anti-seizure drug levetiracetam reduced production of amyloid-beta 42 in research with engineered mouse models and human neurons. The Researchers found that levetiracetam works by maintaining amyloid precursor protein on the cell surface, favoring a non-amyloidogenic pathway.

How ‘skull drains’ keep the brain safe from damage and pathogens:  Veins in the skull can rearrange their borders to accommodate patrolling immune cells, a strange behavior called ruffling

Mouse research shows skull veins actively protect the brain: Research with mice and human tissue found that large veins in the skull actively pulse to drain blood and cerebrospinal fluid and shift their cell borders to allow immune cells to patrol, helping protect the brain from infection, inflammation and pressure buildup. The team also showed that the molecule CGRP widens these veins, which might explain how migraine drugs that target CGRP work. (CGRP stands for calcitonin gene-related peptide, a 37-amino acid protein acting as a neurotransmitter and vasodilator involved in transmitting pain signals).

Vaccine Protects Against Multiple Respiratory Viruses, Bacteria, and Allergens in Mice

Study with mice advances universal vaccine against respiratory threats: A universal vaccine candidate developed by Stanford Medicine researchers offers protection against a wide range of bacteria, respiratory viruses and allergens in a study with mice published in the journal Science. The intranasal vaccine integrates innate and adaptive immunity, providing broad lung protection for several months. “If it ultimately proves safe and effective in humans, the potential impact could be transformative: simplifying seasonal vaccination and improving readiness for emerging respiratory threats,” Researcher Bali Pulendran said.

Cat genes could hold the key to future cancer treatments

Although we adore our feline friends, it does not often seem like we have much in common with them — unless, of course, you also have a passion for attacking furniture legs and licking your own rear. When it comes to health, however, cats are exposed to many of the same environmental risks as their owners and they fall victim to many of the same ailments. Cancer, for example, is one of the leading causes of illness and death in cats; however, the genetics of this disease in felines remain relatively unexplored.

Pigs and grizzlies, not monkeys, hold clues to youthful human skin

Research with pigs and grizzly bears showed that key skin structures called rete ridges, which help keep human skin strong and elastic, form after birth rather than during fetal development. The study, published in Nature, identified bone morphogenetic protein signaling as a key pathway and provides a concrete molecular target for therapies for wound healing, scar repair and age-related skin thinning.